Refrigerating apparatus



May 27, 1930. v A. T. sT cK 1,759,962

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 31, 1928 gh umaloz l7 Patented May 27, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ANTHONY-T. STOCK, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO FRIGIDAIRE CORPORATION, OF

' DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE BEFRIGERATING APPARATUS Application filed January 31, 1928. Serial No. 250,885.

This invention relates to improvements in refrigerating apparatus and more particularly to the condenser used in connection there- .with.

It is one of the objects of the invention to provide an air-cooled condenser which is particularly efiicient and which requires less space and tubing than condensers used heretofore.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved construction for supporting and arranging the condensing system of the apparatus so that the same may be efliciently cooled.

' A still further object is to improve the layout of the compressor unit generally and to provide a compact symmetrical arrangement of the condenser therein.

In carrying out the above objects, the invention contemplates providing a condenser which is arranged to conform in shape to the shape of the blast of air produced by a.fan.

' This is effected by arranging the ducts of the condenser linearly in' an annular space through which the air blast is forced.

This invention is particularly applicable to refrigerating apparatus of the type in which the refrigerating effect is produced by evaporation of a liquefied gas or the expansion of a compressed gas. The apparatus is especially designed to use a refrigerant of low boiling point such as sulphur dioxide.

In devices of this kind the liquefied gas such as sulphur dioxide is allowed to boil off or.

expand in a refrigerating element which is arran ed to transfer the heat from the surroundlng air to the refrigerant. The, gas resulting from the vaporization of the refrigerant is deprived of its heat by being forced by the compressor into a condenser where it is again converted into a liquid. In the case of air-cooled condensers, it 1s customary to arrange them in the form of coils, spirals and the like which are mounted at a convenient place in the compressor unit assembly and preferably in such a manner as to ex 0se the condenser to the cooling action of a last of air created by a fan or-blower. The cooling action so produced is not always sufiicient and various expedients have been suggested such as deflectors and the like for forcing the 4 cooling air into better contact with the condenser.

By means of the present invention eflicient coohng of the. condenser is effected b arranglng'the condenser around the b0 y of the motor used for driving the compressor and providing means for forcing suflicient air through the coils of the condenser.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompan ing drawing, wherein a pre-' ferred formo the on the line 2+2 of Fig. 1.

Referring indetail to the drawings, the refrlgerating system comprises a compressor having a cylinder 10 in which re'ciprocates a piston connected with a crank in the crank case 11 and which piston is o erated through such crank by means of the be t driving wheel 12. The compressor is operated by means of an. electric motor 13 provided with a pulley 14 and belt 15 which cooperates with belt driving wheel 12. Both motor and compressor may be mounted on a base 16 ,as shown in Fig. 1 which may in turn be provided with legs 17 The im roved condenser of the invention consists o a coil of pipe 18. This coil consists of a plurality of linearly arranged loops having a length preferably equal to that of the body of the motor and extending in the same direction as the. shaft of the motor as shown in Fi 2. One of the individual linear ducts of eac loop co-operate with like ortions of the other loops to define an arc, w ile the other individual linear ducts of the 100 s are similarly di osed and are substantia y coaxial with the rst and these ducts are connected at their ends 39 as shown in Fig. 1.

It is therefore apparent that the space in which the condenser is located is an arcuate space like a substantially annular cylinder with a portion cut away at the bottom and that the confines of the space are bounded by the internal and external linear ducts which constitute the elementsof a pair of substantially parallel cylindrical and coaxial surfaces.

v The condenser, consisting of a coil formed of these linear ducts'connected at their bent 'ends 39 into horizontal loops as above described, is draped around the body of the motor so as to produce a sort of tunnel-shaped or arcuate archway around the motor.' It is preferably spaced away slightly from the body of thennoter and a shield 22 consisting of a similarly shaped piece of metal is preferably interposed between the body of the -motor and the innermost arcuate layer of linear pipes and is likewise spaced from both the motor body and the internal layer of.

While the condenser may comprise onev continuous coil, it mayal'so be divided into a plurality of units-suitabl connected to-' ether. In the preferred em odiment of the invention two arcuate unit coils are used which extend vertically upward for a considerable distance from a point near the legs of the motor whereupon they follow the curvature of the body of the motor and terminate at 26, 27 in the coupling ,element 28 which connects them to the common pipe 29. A similar scheme of connections is usedat the bottom, a suitable coupling 40 being used for the purpose.

The coil of pipe constituting the condenser is held in place by means of straps 19 retained in place by suitable screws 20cooperating with similar straps 21 dis o sed inside of the condenser coil and contac ing with the innermost layer of ducts.

A fan 38 for coolin the condenser may be disposed at any suita le point in operative relation to the condenser but in the preferred embodiment of the invention it is mounted on the motor shaft so that its rotation will force a strong current of air between the coils and the condenser and through the tunnel-like archway formed by the shell 22 and the coil of pipe. This blast of air will quickly and efiieiently cool the condenser.

It is a characteristic of a fan of this type to produce an annularly shaped blast of air which has its greatest effect confined in an annulus substantially remote from the shaft and adjacent the periphery of the blades. By shaping the condenser to correspond to this annulus it is evident that the entire bod 'of the condenser will be in the direct pat of air of the highest velocity and that maximumcooling effect will be obtained. Since the ducts are arranged parallel to the direction of flow of the air, they will be swept by this high velocity air and hence substantially the entire surface of the coil willbe cooled. Y

In the operation of the apparatus, the re frigerating medium, which may for example be sulphur dioxide, is allowed to evaporate in 1 y the refrigerating element composed of .coils i 31 0 which it is supplied by means of a header 2. ,The refrigerant is supplied through a l pipe 33 and its supply is controlled by means of a float valve or the like within the header 32. It will be appreciated that an expansion valve may also be used, the principle in either case being the same, the refrigerating effectbeing produced by the exchange of heat between the air or the materialto be cooled and the refrigerant supplied to the refrigerating element. After the refrigerant absorbs heat it boils OE and is withdrawn through pipe 34 and returned to the compressor at the point 35. The gas is then compressed and forced into the condenser above described through pipe 29 from which it collects'as liquid sulphur dioxide in a receiver-36 through pipe 37, the receiver beingshown as a small tank conveniently positioned for example between the legs of the. base upon which the compres- A sor unit is mounted. From the receiver 36 the liquid sulphur dioxide passes by way of pipe 33 back to the header 32 and thence to the coil 31 whereafter the cycle of operation is repeated.

Since the. body of the condenser is located directly and entirely in the annular space bounded by the internal and external linear ducts and since the fan produces an annular blast of air of approximately the same shape as the condenserand forces the same through the condenser, it is obvious that efficient cooling of the coils will be effected. Furthermore, since all of the effective heat radiating area of the condenser lies in the ath of the air blast, a lesser amount of tubingmay be. used.

B the above arrangement a very compact con enser is provided which is extremely effective in operation and which economizes in the amount of tubing required, while at the same time providing a comparatively rigid structure. The compressor unit is also substantially simplified since no coil systems are loosely placed therein to be subject to damage or in the way when-repairs are needed.

While the formof embodiment of the invention as herein disclosed constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow. What is claimed is as follows: 1. Refrigerating apparatus com rising a motor, a plurality of ducts constituting a condenser. anddraped in arcuate form around the outside of the body of said motor, a shield between the body of said motor-and said condenser and a fan adapted to force air about said ducts. v

2. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a motor, a condenser comprising a plurality of ducts disposed on a plurality of sides of said motor, and shielding means interposed between said motor and said ducts.

3. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a motor, a condenser including ducts disposed around the outside of the body of said motor, a shield between the bodyof said motor and said condenser, and a fan adapted to force air about said ducts.

4. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a motor, a condenser including a coil disposed on one side of the bod of said motor, a coil dis osed on the opposite side'of thefbodyof said motor, the ends of said coils merging 20 toward each other above the motor and connected in parallel circuit relation, and a fan to force air about said coils.

5; Refrigerating apparatus comprising a motor, a condenser including loops on each side of the body of said motor, said loops each including double row portions, and a fan adapted to 'force air about said double row portions.

6. Refrigerating ap aratus comprising a 40 motor, a condenser inc uding pi e coils having loop portions extending long1tudinallyof the motor and disposed around the outside of the body of said motor, and a fan adapted to force air about said coils.

7. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a motor, a condenser including pi e coils having loop portions extending longitudinally of the motor and disposed around'the outside of the bod of said motor, a shield between the body 0 said motor and said condenser,iand a fan adapted to force air about said coils.

8. Refrigerating apparatus comprising a motor, a condenser including ipe coils having loop portions extending ongitudinally of the motor and disposed 1n arcuate form around the outside of the body of said motor, and a fan adapted to force air about said coils.

In testimony whereof I hereto aflix my signature.

m ANTHONY T. STOCK. 

